Combating IT crimes

The Republic of Hungary remains cognizant of the increasing digital nature of information and the difficulty associated with protecting intangible IPRs. In an effort to support global efforts to combat IT crime and its online forms, Hungary is party to the WIPO Trademark Law Treaty, the WIPO Copyright Treaty and the WIPO Performance and Phonograms Treaty. Regionally, Hungary is party to the European Patent Convention and we are continuing to conform local legislation to the European Union (EU) Information Society Directive and the European Community Trademark Harmonization Directive. We see the harmonization of IT regulations and standards at the international, regional and local levels as key to preventing IT crimes. The more transparent IPRs become in regard to intangible works, the easier it will be to enforce regulatory frameworks. In addition, it is crucially important to utilize already available tools such as copyright and trademark protection to anticipate and address new threats before they arise.
—James Mosher, Wright State University, 2004.

Patent protection and access to pharmaceuticals

The Republic of Hungary recognizes the continued difficulties many developing States face in accessing medicines essential to combating epidemic threats to public health. The Trade Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPS) agreement and subsequent Declaration on the TRIPS Agreement and Public Health are valuable tools in the effort to engage this problem. However, access remains a problem. We believe that domestic production of pharmaceuticals specifically for export to developing countries is completely within the scope of Article 28 of the TRIPS agreement. Bearing this in mind, we recommend that the international community, especially developed States, reexamine Article 30 of the agreement with renewed scrutiny. In addition, as long as developing States have met the minimum patent protection rights afforded by Article 31 of the TRIPS agreement, they should be allowed to commence with the act of compulsory licensing to expand access to essential medicines.
—James Mosher, Wright State University, 2004.

Genetic modification and intellectual property rights

As seen by our recent accession to the Convention on Biological Diversity and the Convention for the Protection of New Varieties of Plants, the Republic of Hungary is committed to protecting the intellectual property rights in the context of genetic modification. We also strongly support EU directives 90/210/EC and 90/220/EC, in regard to the deliberate release of genetically modified organisms (GMOs). Because the risks and benefits of GMOs are still not completely understood, Hungary supports the integration of review mechanisms and oversight committees into local policy and legislation. As stated in the Hungarian Gene Technology Act, regulations of genetic modification must preserve the balance of nature, protect human health, and support scientific and economic development.
—James Mosher, Wright State University, 2004.

Nuclear free zones

The Republic of Hungary is firmly committed to addressing Nuclear Free Zones (NFZ) by reaffirming our support for the International Atomic Energy Agency, Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty (NPT), the Comprehensive Nuclear Test-Ban Treaty (CTBT), the Treaty of Tlatelolco, the Treaty of Rarotonga, the Treaty of Pelindaba, the Treaty of Bangkok, the Antarctic Treaty, and the Outer Space Treaty. Hungary believes that strict implementation and compliance with verification protocols of the NPT, CTBT and NFZs is crucial to maintaining international peace, security and stability, as mentioned in A/RES/57/75. We support the peaceful uses of nuclear energy, as stated in A/RES/57/66, but we recognize the importance of relevant safeguards for dual-use technology. As one of the first States to sign and ratify the CTBT, we urge Member States of the international community who have not yet done so to sign and ratify the NPT and CTBT without delay. Deeply concerned with the development of nuclear weapons technology in outer space, Hungary reaffirms its commitment to preventing an arms race in outer space, in accordance with A/RES/57/57 and A/RES/58/36. As outlined in A/RES/57/78, A/RES/58/56, A/RES/58/71, and the Declaration on Arms Proliferation and Weapons of Mass Destruction, Hungary believes that universal adherence to nuclear disarmament treaties and increased transparency aimed at promoting confidence-building are essential components of establishing and verifying NFZs.
—Ghassan Deek, Wright State University, 2004.

The struggle against terrorism and its implications for human rights

Guided by the principles of the United Nations Charter, the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, and the Vienna Declaration, Hungary is committed to respecting international and humanitarian law when preventing and combating terrorism. Hungary is deeply concerned with humanitarian violations resulting from anti-terrorist laws and we believe that preserving human rights must always be a top priority for the international community. Hungary has signed and ratified all twelve United Nations (UN) treaties on international terrorism and we urge the rest of the international community to do so. We strongly support S/RES/1267 (1999), S/RES/1333 (2000), S/RES/1390 (2002), and S/RES/1455 (2003), and we further support the work of the Counter-Terrorism Committee, primarily through intelligence sharing and freezing the financial assets of terrorist organizations. Hungary believes that A/RES/58/74, A/RES/58/81, A/RES/57/219, and A/RES/56/160 must be effectively implemented to ensure the preservation of human rights while preventing and combating terrorism and we anticipate that our International Police Academy in Budapest will serve as a role model for respecting humanitarian law in future counter-terrorism measures.
—Ghassan Deek, Wright State University, 2004.

The effect of HIV/AIDS on peace and security

Hungary is highly aware of the escalating rate of the human immunodeficiency virus/ acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS) pandemic and we are deeply concerned with its political, economic, and social implications on international peace and security, as noted by the Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS). Hungary is firmly committed to achieving the HIV-related goals set forth in the UN Millennium Declaration of 2000 and the UN Declaration of Commitment in 2001, as outlined in E/2001/CRP.2 and E/2003/L.25/Rev.1. We reemphasize our support for A/RES/57/299, A/RES/54/283, and A/RES/47/50, as shown by our $250 million donation in 2000, and we will remain committed to addressing the social, political, and economic repercussions of the HIV/AIDS pandemic. Hungary encourages international cooperation in the prevention, education, counseling, and treatment of HIV/AIDS, as stated in S/RES/1308, and we further encourage the international community to donate monetary, administrative, and logistical support to combat the spread of the AIDS pandemic.
—Ghassan Deek, Wright State University, 2004.

Rights of female refugees

In reaffirming our commitment to Article 13 and 14 of the Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR), the Millennium Declaration, the Declaration Reaffirming the Principles of the 1951 Refugee Convention, and the Declaration for the Elimination of Discrimination against Women, the Republic of Hungary recognizes the added struggles facing women refugees. Not long ago, we ourselves were faced with an influx of refugees from the Kosovo and Balkan crises. Because of this, we understand the special plight of women refugees. We are proud to host a regional office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugee’s (UNHCR), as established in A/AC.96/SR.563. Supporting draft resolution E/CN.4/2001/L.60, we encourage states to protect women refugees from unnecessary persecution and violence. As stated in the UNHCR Implementation of the Five Commitments to Refugee Women, we have established the Competency Development Program that works to provide refugees an efficient security. We will continue to collaborate with Member States, NGOs, relevant UN bodies and women refugees in developing new strategies to address this issue.
—Pamela Daley, Wright State University, 2004.

Right to decent standard of living

Recognizing the importance of article 25 of the UDHR and the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights, Hungary has established a hierarchy of human rights within its own Constitution and calls upon Member States to recognize persons’ right of human dignity. We have also enacted the National Family Policy Principle, which aims to enhance the standard of living of families, the consolidation of the security of the family life, and the encouragement of the growth of the population, remembering the Declaration on the Right to Development. We continue to work towards assuring a sustainable standard of living for all our citizens.
— Pamela Daley, Wright State University, 2004.

Food security through international co-operation

Cognizant of Article 25 of the UDHR, Universal Declaration on the Eradication of Hunger and Malnutrition, and the General Assembly resolution on the right to food A/RES/57/226, Hungary continues to work to ensure that all people receive adequate nourishment. The Rome Declaration on World Food Security has been instrumental in working towards the elimination of world hunger. We believe that the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations should be responsible for the implementation of the Plan of Action from the World Food Summit in Rome, seeing as it is the most competent, experienced, and specialized agency in the UN. We wish to expand rural infrastructure and market access in order to strengthen capacity for knowledge generation and dissemination. A/58/327 stresses the efficiency of genetically modified organisms, but we believe that the potential side-effects outweigh the benefits. Food security is a basic human right, and we must ensure this.
— Pamela Daley, Wright State University, 2004.

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