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Style Guide--MLA

For complete information on MLA style, use the following books in the Learning Resources Center.

 
Gibaldi, Joseph. MLA Style Manual and Guide to Scholarly Publishing. 
     2nd ed. New York: The Modern Language Association of America, 1998.
     808.027 G437m 1998
Gibaldi, Joseph.   MLA Handbook for Writers of Research Papers.
     6th ed. New York: The Modern Language Association of America, 2003.
     808.027 M689m 2003

Refer to chapter 5.9. "Citing Electronic Publication" of the MLA Handbook for Writers of Research Papers, 6th ed. when citing electronic sources.  Follow the recommendations in chapter 5.6 (books) and 5.7 (articles in periodicals) for citing printed materials and modify them as appropriate to the electronic source.  An entry in a bibliography includes the following:

  1. Name of the author (if given)
  2. Title of the article or essay within a publication (in quotation marks)
  3. Title of the work (underlined)
  4. Name of editor or compiler of the text
  5. Title of the database, periodical/professional/personal site (underlined); if the site has no title, use Home Page
  6. Name of the editor of the database (if given)
  7. Version number of the source or, for a journal, volume and issue number (if given).
  8. Date of the latest update of the electronic publication
  9. The page range, total number of pages, or number of paragraphs (if given)
  10. Name of institution or organization associated with the Web site (if relevant)
  11. Date when the user accessed the source
  12. Electronic address or URL of the source (in angle brackets) or of the subscription service's main page (if known).
Aim for citing as much relevant information as available.   You should also consider printing the document (can be just the title page) so that you can verify it later if it is not accessible.

Examples
Periodical Articles
The URL of the full-text article is not an accessible URL.  Therefore, the URL (http://...) is omitted and the name of the database (Example: Academic Search Premier, Business Source Premier, or CINAHL) is used instead.

Academic Search Premier and Business Source Premier

  Article (full text) from a magazine:

 Spake, Amanda, and Mary Brophy Marcus.  "A Fat Nation."
         U.S. News & World Report  19 Aug. 2002: 8 p.
         Academic Search Premier.  25 Aug. 2002.

    Article (full text) from a scholarly journal:

    Teinowitz, Ira.  "FCC Study to Explore Effect on Ad Prices." 
         Advertising Age 73:25 (2002): 12+ p.  
         Business Source Premier.  25 Aug. 2002.  
    Coghill, Roger.  "Electropollution: The Scandal Continues ..."  
         Ecologist 32.4 (2002): 3 p.  
         Academic Search Premier.  23 Aug. 2002. 

    A book review:

   Burkhardt, Joanna M., et al  "A Hard Time to be a Father."  Rev. of 
         A Hard Time to be a Father, by Fay Weldon.  
         Library Journal 124.3 (1999): 187.  
         Academic Search Premier.  23 Aug. 2002.

SIRS Researcher

  Hauser, Scott. "The Working Classes." Rochester Review 
         Spring/Summer (1999): 16-20. SIRS Researcher.  
         12 Feb. 2002 <http://researcher.sirs.com>.

CINAHL

    Subrahmanyam, M.  "Honey Dressing Versus Boiled Potato Peel in
         the Treatment of Burns: a Prospective Randomized Study."
         Burns Sept. (1996): 491-3.  CINAHL. 31 Aug. 1999. 

Lexis-Nexis Academic

    Legal document:

   The State of Ohio, Appellant, v. Rance, Appellee.  
         Nos. 98-2, 98-130.  Supreme Court of Ohio 
         1999 Ohio Lexis 1738.  Lexis-Nexis Academic.
         1 Sept. 1999 <http://web.lexis-nexis.com/universe>.
Give URL (http://...) for the home page of Lexis-Nexis Academic Universe.  

Electronic Journals
   Berkove, Lawrence I. "'A Slash of Blue!': An Unrecognized Emily Dickinson
         War Poem." Emily Dickinson Journal 10.1 (2001): 8 pp.  
         Electronic Journal Center (OhioLINK). 12 Feb. 2002 
         <http://journals.ohiolink.edu>.

Newspaper Articles

Lexis-Nexis Academic

 "Open the door for poor men to leave the welfare rolls, too." 
         The Houston Chronicle 6 Jan. 2002, Sunday 2 Star ed., 
         Outlook: 1 Lexis-Nexis Academic. 31 Jan. 2002
         <http://web.lexis-nexis.com/universe>.

NewsBank NewsFile Collection

 Gray, Steven, and Sara Kehaulani Goo. "The Capitals Own No-Fly Zone 
         Airliners May Soar, but Area's Small Craft Remain Grounded."  
         Washington Post 21 Sept. 2001, F ed.:E1. 
         NewsBank NewsFile Collection. Learning Resources Center,
         Sinclair Community College. 12 Feb. 2002
         <http://infoweb.newsbank.com/>.        

Dayton Daily News

    McCarty, Mary.  "Muse Machine Mania-."
         Dayton Daily News 10 Jan. 2002, City ed.: 1A.  
         The Dayton Daily News Online Archives. Learning Resources
         Center, Sinclair Community College. 12 Feb. 2002  
         <http://library.activedayton.com/>.

SIRS Researcher

  Carpenter, Susan.  "Bankrupt at 24." Los Angeles Times 
         23 Jan. 2001: E1+. SIRS Researcher. 12 Feb. 2002 
         <http://researcher.sirs.com>.

Reference Databases on the Web

The American Heritage Dictionary

 "Pseudonym." The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language,  
         4th ed. Boston: Houghton Mifflin 2000. 22 Jan. 2002 
         <http://www.bartleby.com/>.

Columbia Encyclopedia

    "Muhammad, Prophet of Islam" Columbia Encyclopedia, 6th ed. 2001.
         New York: Columbia University Press, 2002. 12 Feb. 2002
         <http://www.bartleby.com/>.   

Contemporary Authors

 "Maya Angelou 1928-."  Contemporary Authors Online.  
         The Gale Group, 2001.  22 Jan. 2002  
         <http://galenet.galegroup.com/servlet/GLD?locID=ohlnk01>. 

Art & Architecture Database

  "Cathedral of Notre Dame -- Detail View of Flying Buttresses."  
         Saskia Ltd. Art & Architecture Database. 
         Digital Media Center (OhioLINK). 22 Jan. 2002 
             <http://dmc.ohiolink.edu/art/Detail?oid=235125>. 

Additional Resources on MLA Style

Listed below are WWW sites that provide examples and instructions on how to cite various electronic resources.

Modern Language Association of America,
Home site of the Modern Language Association of America.  Click on MLA Style for information on citation style.  The "Frequently Asked Questions about MLA Style" will answer some of your questions.
MLA Examples
A well organized list of examples of various sources in MLA style.  This page is part of Module 4, Citing Your Souces with MLA Format, created by the Dallas TeleCollege Library and Richland College Library of the Dallas County Community College District.


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